The presentation shows the relevant agreements that exist between evolutionism and Melanie Klein's psychoanalysis, despite the fact that they are apparently very different approaches. Five major, very relevant points of agreement are highlighted. 1) The importance of relational life in the structure of mental functioning. Our brain is 7 times larger than our size, and it is to be able to manage our very complex social life. We are a eusocial species, like bees or ants, but we have autonomy and freedom with many emotions, fantasies, experiences. Melanie Klein points out how from birth impulses seek a relationship with the object, our world is relational. Mental disorder is largely the expression of relational problems and there is a continuum between mental health and mental disorder. In the evolutionary model it is stated that our mind was built for community life but that this social life creates many emotional tensions. Melanie Klein considers that anxiety is fundamentally an expression of aggressiveness. The two theories consider the game as training and an expression of emotions and learning about life together. For Melanie Klein, play is a central element in her psychoanalytic treatment model. The two theories consider that the baby has intense experiences in relation to her situation of dependence and her ties with her caregivers and with the community. In the evolutionary model, the competition-collaboration theory and the Kleinian envy-gratitude theory share the perspective that conflict with the management of aggression is key to mental health.